Questions at the Trailhead

Plan roughly half the distance you comfortably cover on a day hike, ideally 5 to 10 km to camp, arriving with at least two hours of daylight. See choosing a first route.

It depends where you are. Scotland permits responsible wild camping under the Scottish Outdoor Access Code. In most of England and Wales you need landowner permission. In US national parks you usually need a backcountry permit. Always check local rules.

Many US national parks and wilderness areas require overnight permits, often booked months ahead. UK campsites need booking, and some national parks have byelaws. Check the land manager's website.

Use an insulated sleeping pad, a bag rated to the expected low using its comfort rating, dry sleeping layers, a hat, and eat a warm meal before bed. More in the sleep system notes.

Only after treatment. Boil, filter, use chemical tablets or a UV pen, ideally combining methods where viruses are a concern. See safe water.

We recommend going with an experienced friend or club for your first night. If you go solo, choose a busy, familiar route and leave a detailed route card.

Stop, stay calm and think. Return to your last known position if you can, use map and compass to relocate, and call for help if you cannot safely continue.

Most first-overnight packs weigh 9 to 13 kg including food and water. Aim for no more than about 20 percent of your body weight.

Keep your distance, never feed animals, store food properly, and follow local guidance in bear country, including required canisters.

Late spring to early autumn, when days are long and nights milder. Avoid peak heat and choose a settled forecast.